第一印象通常是弄错了，但他们也很有趣，因为眼睛是警觉，任何新奇，文化冲突与思想丰富。 警告：这篇文章包含一概而论。 以它是什么，如果你是认真地了解日本，你可能想看看别的地方。

我来到日本相当随机的，我想在一个安静和放松的地方花的假期，和日本在中国国庆一周，似乎唯一的地方，有条件的足够近。 我准备高层次的汉语水平考试在本月晚些时候，计划是每天要花几个小时来实践我的人物。

我选择的目的，日本南部，与模糊的想法，他们可能会有点比在北方较为宽松，因此更适合我的南欧性质。 我很快就发现了我的假设是错误的。 原因之一，似乎没有这样的“南日本”的东西。 虽然这个地方显然是在南方，他们称之为西日本。 这里的人的性格是截然相反，任何我可能有包庇放纵拉丁美洲的概念。

文化冲击是从第一次接触。 这是在福冈机场的护照控制器。 我在飞机上一直给予的入境卡，像往常一样，我很快充满了一个懒“酒店长崎”我的“目标地址”框中。 我不记得酒店的真实姓名，反正这些东西都是从来没有在任何合理的国家检查。 他们是在日本。 这是我遇到了我第二次​​日本如何。

“什么在此框中写？，说：”当我到他的办公室督察，指着我的名片。

“酒店长崎？”我说。

“有没有这个名字的酒店”。

“不，不，我不意味着它从字面上看，”我解释说，“这是”在长崎的酒店。“

“预订收据吗？”

“呃.. 它是在我的邮箱里，我没有印出来。“

他们把我一系列的办公室，直到他们发现一个地方，在那里我可以连接到互联网，并产生我从宿舍预订hostelworld。 这花了大约一个小时，足以说服他们，我是一个危险的离群，所以督察使我的搜索部门。

我的第三个日本上了年纪的人做最细致的搜索，我已经看到了我的生活，甚至与他裸露的手指一直我以及经验丰富的的旅游袜子的唯一感觉。 他在我的包和我的身体的每一个可能的藏身之处，搜索到，精确的，你只是想象的除外。

治疗的同时，三，我的前三日本 - 与严格尊重我，不断地微笑着，礼貌点吓人。

那是我第一次在商店交易令人震惊的事情之一是“您好！”的声音，他们发出的时候，打招呼，或交给你的东西。 它有不断和准确，定时像一个十六分音符，穿衣人类任何一个单一的武术音的交换。 但最令人振奋的功能是绝对的，强迫，用清洁肛门的迷恋。 这个国家必须大幅度我在世界最干净的地方。

我得出这样的结论，在午餐时间在一个西方的咖啡厅在长崎，我亲眼目睹了一些特殊的行为。 这是外面下雨，每次一个新的客户支付完他的命令​​，收银员走了一圈酒吧用干净的纸巾，弯腰擦拭客户的鞋留下的水滴。 一个完全不合理的行动，甚至为安全起见，因为旁边的咖啡馆大门的另一边是永久湿和左unwiped。

唯一的解释，我想通了一段时间后，出纳视野领域，隐藏在表入口处。 它不是一个安全的程序，它只是，她只是不忍看到在酒吧前一尘不染的地板上的水滴，即使它是几乎是纯H2O无瑕街。

这方面的日本文化给我留下了深刻的印象，我不知道成千上万生活在上海的日本如何应付那里的卫生状况。 我想这解释了为什么，迄今为止最大的外籍人士在上海，我们看到他们一点。 它们都必须坚持其古化合物和餐馆，并避免离开该地区，除非它是绝对必要的。

在这里的餐厅的服务是优秀的，和准备是有这么多的照顾，你觉得不好意思吃的食物。 日本人喜欢的事情做得很好，他们管理，最喜欢的中国人，因为他们是很辛苦的工人。 但有一个本质的区别：在动机中国施加自己的梦想，买一辆车或一个更好的房子，或只是为了避免被左其快速ecoomy背后。 日本已经有了所有这些事情。 西方人一样，他们已经所剩无几的梦想可以用金钱购买。 如此看来，他们的工作做出来的一个强烈的责任和完善意识，为了工作。

当我来到日本，我准备找到谁天尊为了细致的人。 我认为它会以某种方式类似于德国，虽然那种国家不正是我的有趣的想法，它绝对符合我退休和研究的一周的法案。 不过，日本甚至不是德国媲美。 至于我看到更进一步了痴迷的领域，发挥到了极致，对于一个新人，在任何一个南欧洲，像边缘的病理率感觉。

我不想判断不同民族的性格。 每个文化都有其自己的方式，一切都很好，只要我们相处。 我想知道如果效率和完善，日本已建身边的小世界，不只是辛苦的错觉，而如果在其所有的生产活动中的某个地方，他们发现的时间去思考什么是重要的和公正的享受。 的人，我在这里举行会议，从第四个是积极的，友好的，我没有理由怀疑他们并不满足。

我刚才说的博士学位，在电子显微镜是在该领域的世界大会在长崎。 他告诉我，超过一半的参与者是德国和日本，因为这两个国家在电子显微镜应用的规则。 不知怎的，我并不感到惊讶。

“这是一件好事，我们有日本和德国，”我告诉他，“否则我们将陷入困境原子之间的灰尘擦拭”

我发现很难对我的工作集中在窗外悬挂的工作服带的spidermen。 塔式冲洗一天的今天，像每年，我再一次发现自己瘫痪的恐慌。 我知道，这是一个常见的​​景象在上海这样的垂直大都市。 问题是，通过我的日常工作我熟悉安全的标准适用于在这里，我只是不能忍受观看。

安全是第一位 。 这是进入中国的工厂或施工现场，写巨字时看到的第一个迹象。 它是一项长期的运动，由政府推动，以促进意识。 大家都知道这句话由心脏，以及所有的公司都遵循除非当它伤害了底线... ...。 这是一个冲突的哲学问题，在我看来。 无论政府如何努力尝试，在这一天结束的“先富起来”或“安全第一”，你不能兼得。

请注意，我不是要强制每个人都住在一个茧这些安全痴迷者之一。 我每天骑我的自行车没有头盔，我吃我的面，从街边小摊。 我以为我的风险，因为这是还生活。 但是，当涉及到安全工作，这是完全不同的。 由于这些矿工和清洁工不选择有挂出，他们愿意这样做，我们其他人可以坐在舒适的办公室，做我们的工作。 他们不应该给他们的生活。 人民的代表，要注意。

PS：我没有这方面的工作专家，我不知道是否清洁工人正在使用的生命线，是标准为30 +层高的大楼。 我只是通过举例的方式。 但是，如果有人认为我夸张，这里是特写的绳索，因为它通过我的窗口旁边。 我已经把它以水平，以更好地适应后。

另见这些图片在我的旧的西班牙语博客更好的标准。

今年夏天我学到的事情之一是，虽然我可能会留在欧洲假期，中国没有真的离开我了。 以上只是一个国家，它是一个自然的力量，人类的另一面，现在是我生活的一部分。 中国始终是存在的，和她是无处不在，出现在人们意想不到的情况下。

以西班牙为例。 中国人的社会存在主要是新的，不流利的语言，从一个单点，在中国的起源：来自温州的小县，青田上游。 当涉及到语言，西班牙都没有太大的比他们更好，整个形势是识字老外的机会。 虽然一个简单的“nihao”英雄的一天通常是足够的，做一些准备工作产生更好的效果。 徜徉成中国店随便丢弃一个Qingtianese的问候，并发表评论非凡的历史的老石雕县，家里的中国-西班牙。 这使得你受欢迎。 您还可以喝茶，实践为几个小时就结束您的汉语会话。

以下是一个真实的故事，发生在我的假期的最后一天。 它包括一个具有非凡的睡眠能力的中国人的家庭，和一队西班牙冒险鸭。 我希望你喜欢它：

这是第一天早上从毕尔巴鄂飞往巴黎，在那里我被安排与法国航空连接到上海。 当我进入机舱的A319飞机，我立即标志着一个中国人的家庭，坐在前排：，一个中年的母亲与她的儿子。

她穿着风格的100名在一个无形的紫色外套，和她的十几岁的儿子盖了他的头在韩国的髋关节，跳连帽衫。 他们在早期飞行的商业氛围中脱颖而出。 但是是什么让我通知他们，我忍不住微笑，他们已经快睡着了，之前我什至得到了我的座位。 至于我可以看到，他们没有一个相当忙碌的飞行时间切换自己的立场。

旅程从一开始，我的神经，试图证明。 正如我们起飞，一声巨响从飞机后部，振动，成长壮大，我们飞到。 有一段时间没有别的事，但随后，我们接近法国，飞机突然靠在一边，和比利牛斯山脉转动180度，在我们身边，直到我们从我们来到为首回西。

噪声恶化了，并与地理概念的旅客越来越着急。 圣塞瓦斯蒂安镇第二次出现在我们下面，只是这一次地面似乎更为密切。 一前一后去关闭所有的服务调用的蜂鸣声。 我环顾四周，其他乘客和他们都四处寻找。 没有人发言。

最后，机组人员出现在过道，提供逐行正式版的事实：在起飞一个飞行物体相撞2发动机的叶片，产生的爆炸和随后，我们遇到的震动。 这是一个普遍的现象，并没有危险。 作为正常的安全程序的一部分，机长决定返回国内机场进行维修。

“大概是一只鸟，说：”当她到我们行的空姐。

“鸟？”笑道：“管家”，这是一个大肥鸭队！“

我想他必须已指示保持轻的心情。 我努力笑，画面转动的涡扇发动机，作为我们挣扎着爬过去尖锐的巴斯克山谷小鸭圈。

***

无尽的飞行后，我们到毕尔巴鄂机场安全降落。 正如我们在等待下船，试验证实，飞机当天完成。 我们拿起我们的行李，然后上二楼去法航办事处请求一个新的机票。 像往常一样，我的行李箱的最后一个出现在滚动带，和我到办公室的时间已经有一条长龙，对鸭子灾区A319飞机的长度，和每一位嘈杂。

人群越来越刁蛮。 一些法国乘客harangued，真正的革命精神群众，开展对所有飞过的生物，包括鸭，空中客车，法国航空飞行员的口号。 由于我是最后的，有没有排队的多点，所以我只是站在一边的方式来表示我的不满。 然后，我注意到的重点逐步转向，热衷Robespierres队列前冲着自己的愤怒，一些不明身份的目标。 我走过去细看。

这是中国人的家庭。

显然，他们没有理解的指示，拿起行李，他们来之前，任何人都直接到航空公司办事处。 他们首先，他们表明无意放弃自己的立场。 相反，他们是令人钦佩的。 母亲布满了她的激烈眼的后卫，而儿子坚守到桌面。 他们显然训练有素的互相矛盾的队列，并且由暴民，他们似乎无动于衷。

语言学，情况并不理想。 尖叫Qingtianese，翻译成Chinglese和法航员工在精心制作的西班牙式英语回答儿子的母亲，而法国办公室负责人惊得目瞪口呆。 我独自一人，和我忠实的朋友的电子词典是在我的袋子的底部伸出。 但时间采取行动，我没有动摇，在危亡的时刻。

我砍前的权利，并在“阙PASA？ 什么事？“ 所有四个面转向我一次。 队列变得突然安静下来。

在西班牙的雇员。叫道：“他们希望到中国去！”

“我们希望到中国去！”在中国哭了儿子。

各方的立场似乎对我非常一致，很容易达成共识的时机已经成熟。 但进一步的调查证明，这是不完全如此。 我设法重建了以下事实：

家庭睡通过飞行，直到我们降落在毕尔巴鄂。 然后，他们没有理解的强烈重音试点的消息，他们粉碎了飞机直接连接服务台，他们已经重定向到航空公司办事处。 他们敢如此迫切，因为他们只有一小时，以赶上转机航班。 所有他们要求立即登上他们的飞机，这在巴黎的工作人员的态度，他们相当可疑。

因为他们实际上还以为他们是在巴黎。

问题是不容易解释。 不仅母亲的普通话和我一样坏，而且她下定决心，和她有一个根深蒂固的常识。 他们刚刚飞往巴黎，因此，这是巴黎，她就从一个老外没有废话。 我用我所有的劝说。 我注意到，纪念品商店出售斗牛士，而不是游览eiffels。 最后，年幼的儿子理解，他帮我说服她。 落户的事实是：我们在西班牙，有没有直接从该机场至上海的航班。

其余是相当易于管理，几分钟后，我们三人一个新的车票离开办公室。 一旦得到充分表达他们的无限感激，我忍不住问儿子：

“但是，怎么可能你没有意识到，这是和以前一样机场吗？”

“好吧，”他腼腆地笑了，“妈妈只是告诉我，她发现在欧洲所有机场看起来惊人地相似！”

他的母亲，谁是艰难的，但幽默，发现它相当有趣，我们都在一个面子的笑声加入。 然后，我知道我是沉睡的家庭从事正式口译。

***

最后，我作为一个翻译工作，担任我的利益。 我们得到了我们在其​​他人之前的新门票，过去三年的地方，晚上巴黎 - 上海左连接。 革命者的表现惊呆了，他们忘了断头台我们，法航的员工给了我们一些免费的午餐券的贵宾休息室。 她说，为了使我们的等待更加愉快，该公司提供“餐厅Mondes”的名菜之一 。

它仍远从西班牙的午餐时间，所以我们不得不等待，而他们为我们揭开了厨房。 免费的午餐的前景，运作良好，以改善我的中国朋友的心情，和我们有一个活泼聊天的贵宾沙发。 我趁机去打动他们与我的家乡baidupedic知识。 之后，他们打开了，我怀疑的最后几行，从女子的眉头终于消失了。

我听了distractedly作为儿子，我在浙江的说唱现场的状态。 一个可怕的状态，显然，我等待机会切换主题。 这是他的母亲，我发现最有趣的。 而她正坐在非常安静，仿佛失去了自己的想法。 她的外观形象，在中国将归类为“农民”，但她感到骄傲，刚毅的眼睛不太适合图片。 她在做飞行与她唯一的儿子身边？ 我终于问他。

事实证明，她是一个著名的厨师回家。 青田是成千上万欧洲各地的中国餐馆的起源，和他们的大家庭已与流行的中国食品链的财富。 她作为一个专家，在西班牙的家庭餐馆建立新的食谱，她的儿子所有，而教学的中国美食的秘密。 他们参观了三个月的国家，使公司的食品“更美味，更正宗的中国”。

“她最有名的的配方是北京烤鸭，说：”孩子，舔他的嘴唇，“你从来没有尝试过这样的事情！”

“我回答，”我很想有机会尝试一下，突然饿了的鸭。

然后母亲，谁没有说过一句话这个时候，一个诡异的笑容看着我。 我觉得有被邀请来了。 相反，她打开了她的眼睛大，紧张地摇了摇她的儿子的肩膀上。

“天哪！”她哭了，“我们仍然没有拿起我们的行李！”

***

当我把它们收集行李，他们的财物仍孤独打开乐队周围，编织篷布覆盖的无形件数。 正如我们载入到手推车，突然发现儿子有些不对劲。 这是最后一个数据包，纸箱顶部刺穿了一些奇怪的小孔。 他认为他的膝盖上框，显示我已撕开的角落之一。 这个盒子是空的。

该名女子很是懊恼。 她开始把她的胳膊上下和在以惊人的速度在她唱的歌曲方言发言。 我无法理解一个字，她说什么，但她的儿子的答复更多的组成，我可以或多或少出它的要点：

“我告诉你，我们不能在一个平面上，妈妈！”，他说。

“怎么没有他们，我们可以通过漫长的冬季呢？”，她回答说。

突然，我有一个非常黑暗的预感。 当他们忙碌的争论，我走了过来破框和仔细检查。 正如我在我的面前举行，飘然而下一个小巧，精致的对象从破碎的角落。 这是一个羽毛。

我放弃了盒子，如果它烧毁了我的手，我踢背后的滚动波段，它不会被视为。 我现在在恐慌中，我加入了我自己震惊普通话版本的争论方：

说：“我们离开这里HET，现在！”，我说。

“什么？ 但箱子？“妈妈说。

“算了吧！”我向门口推小车，“我们以后会看到！”

“什么？ 但是，我们必须提出申诉。 他们可能会发现... ...“

“不！”

我试图控制我的神经，为我所设想的恐怖主义指控，并作为中国的国菜可怕的外交后果的犯罪证据。 我试图放松，告诉自己，至少有没有被任何人伤亡。

“请帮助我们，”她说。

“我们不能做到这一点现在！ 西班牙是一个官僚的国家，这些事情需要很长一段时间... ...“我喃喃道。 “反正我敢肯定，你的小伙伴们将要被罚款！”

她给了我另一个好奇的一瞥，我建议她在巴黎没有像第一次。 她清楚地重新考虑我的理智。

“嗯， 对不起 ，”她说，“但他们对我很重要，如果你不想帮我，我将有自己文件的投诉“

恰在这时，机场的扩声系统破获了一个拯救生命的公告。 取消航班的所有乘客被要求立即返回到二楼，新的信息，正在等待我们的队长。

“快，这必须是我们的午餐，让我们去之前，我们错过它！”我翻译，这种说法终于足够倔强的老太太似乎令人信服。

***

在二楼，华而不实的法国队队长把公司的信息公开政策，在实践中。 维修人员刚刚证实他说，这的确是外部对象上的发动机引起的振动的影响。 奇怪的机构已经提取，并带来了从分析机库。 决定返回机场，已被证明是一个不错的选择，因为它是总工程师的意见，我们从来没有去巴黎。

一滴冷汗倒下我的右太阳穴，因为我认为这些小动物，发现他们的方式进入涡轮的机会。 仍，即使他们撕裂开来的方块，然后打破从成堆的行李下，即使他们能够与他们的小喙解锁按住门，怎么可能，他们飞过来的发动机？ 这似乎是不可能的的。 我想起了流体动力学的法律，并表现出非线性，混沌行为的湍流气流。 对于第一次在我的生活，我觉得我明白了真正意义上的混沌理论。

在此期间，母亲送到她的男孩，询问丢失的对象，他在这样一个完全不知所云的英语船长，勇敢的人只能微笑礼貌地解释他们的问题。 他们环顾四周处于亏损状态，只看到他们的老外朋友，无处可寻。 我刚刚在时间下滑到君子的厕所。

此时，机场的扩音器再次嗡嗡嗡：

AF2435巴黎的乘客，请继续为我们的贵宾休息室。 作为一种特殊的关注，我们为您提供我们独有的“餐厅Mondes”厨师的专业

***

我再次加入家族，因为他们走下贵宾休息室的走廊。 它似乎是由法国航空公司提供的豪华餐请征服了可怕的女人的心脏。 她的表情显示她的野兽的损失没有更多的疼痛，我希望她已决定放弃搜索。 目前，她留下了深刻的印象的服务质量，和她的心情是健谈。

“他们知道如何对待一个客户端，在法国，”她说会话，“在中国，它甚至没有可比性。”

“哦，当然，一流的服务，在这里，”，

“即使他们没有任何适当的备份计划，”她说，“他们只是在做惊喜的伟大。 “

“哦，是啊，你可以指望法国的惊喜”

“这是所有的态度，是不是？”，她说，和她惟一的孩子点头同意。

当我们走近“餐厅Mondes”，气氛是那么轻松，我认为我们有通过了最坏的打算。 I just had to get them on our plane right after lunch, and there would be no more nonsense of lost object complaints. Then I saw the stewardess at the restaurant door, smiling. She held a large sign written in all the major languages of the World, including mandarin. It read:

TODAYS SPECIAL DISH:

“Thin-sliced duck Beijing style”

In case there were any doubts, underneath the text there was a colourful picture of a team of ducks thinly sliced as if by fast rotating blades, swimming in the dark sauce of the traditional Beijing recipe.

I tried with my body to hide the sign from their view, but I was too late. There was not much point anyway, the pictures were all over the place, and the food was coming out any minute. As we sat down, I peeped at her out of the corner of my eye. Her expression was enigmatic, the initial apprehension had turned into something more lofty. Was it triumph? I trembled.

The dishes were served and, unexpectedly, nothing happened. I glanced at my two friends. The were obviously enjoying their meal, emitting now and then favorable grunts and other judgements with the assurance of the true connoisseur. Then, halfway through their ducks, they looked at each other with an understanding smile and, following some mysterious signal, the lady suddenly stood up, knocking her chair behind her, and crying out loudly:

“I want to speak to the person who cooked this!”

There was a spark in her eye as she glared at the kitchen door on the other side of the dining room. I could not think of anything to say this time, so I just sat still, helpless as the slings and arrows flew swiftly towards their target.

Seeing that no help was forthcoming from my side, the mother ignored me and took direct action. She strode across the room and, without further preambles, she thrust open the kitchen door, roaring in Qingtianese. In a minute, the cook came out sporting a high chef hat and howling even louder than her. To my surprise, he was also employing some variety of Zhejiang dialect.

Then something strange happened. The moment he saw the chef, the son stood up and ran across the dining room charging like a fighting bull, and when the three of them were at a close distance, they came together in a long, warm hug.

I stood rather awkwardly next to them, wondering what was next. The chatter of the adults had risen to undecipherable speeds under the flow of emotions. I looked at the teenager for an explanation, but he was too absorbed speaking to the cook. Finally, I managed to catch some fraction of the conversation:

“Uncle Li, we knew it had to be you, nobody else in the World can cook Beijing Duck like mother! What are you doing here?”

“You know, I got a catering contract with Air France, didn't I tell you?”

“Uncle, you really need to help us, mother is really worried! This laowai is with us, but his Chinese is so-so, and he just doesn't get it!”

“Say, my boy, what is the problem?”

“It is the new down-filled coats that mum bought to take home for the winter. She was so upset when we found out that they've been stolen from our luggage…”

One of the essential purposes of a government is to ensure the safety of the citizens and, from this point of view, the Chinese government has failed spectacularly in Urumqi.

To begin with, it did not afford sufficient protection to the Han victims during the night of 5th July. Some wrong decisions were most likely taken during the crisis, and the leaders of the forces of order owe at least some explanation to the Chinese.

But the CPC has failed in a more crucial way, which cannot be ascribed to simple human error in time of emergency. It has failed to create the conditions for the peaceful coexistence of the Chinese; it has failed in the very objective that it states as its own: the creation of a harmonious society . 200 Chinese killed by Chinese are the clear proof of this failure.

I will analyze in this post some of the reasons why the interethnic policies may have failed and what can be done to improve the situation. There are many good arguments both for and against the independence of Xinjiang, which would make for a fascinating discussion, but I will not touch the subject here. Whatever the theory says, the reality is that Xinjiang is and shall remain Chinese for the foreseeable future. Large numbers of both Han and Uyghur can equally call Xinjiang their homeland, and these peoples have to learn to live together for their own sake. Let's try to be constructive and see how this can be achieved.

The intentions of the CPC

I began by saying that the government has failed, which is obvious. But to be completely fair, interethnic relations is an extremely difficult area where almost every government in the World has failed to some degree. Looking at the region where Xinjiang sits, and comparing with interethnic and interreligious strife in similar nearby countries we have to acknowledge that the record of Xinjiang in the last 20 years is far from catastrophic.

有人认为，有没有更严重的问题，原教旨主义，自杀式炸弹袭击，战争只是因为汉是极端不人道的镇压维吾尔族人口。 这是很容易证明是错误的的，并已到该地区的任何人都知道这么多。 此外，在世界的一个简单的外观可以告诉我们，即使是最极端的镇压军队，不保证和平，而是相反，在乌兹别克斯坦，车臣和巴勒斯坦。 这不是主要力量，但繁荣和稳定，不断维吾尔沉默。

党的各族政策已经失败，但这些政策和自己的实际执法的存在讲了很多的中国共产党的意图性质。 明确党的目标是保证中国的统一，稳定与和谐 ，它不是，也从未施加汉至上。 诚然，中国是一个专制政权，以及个人权利并非始终得到尊重，在新疆或其他任何省份，。 中国需要民主和法治，但这并没有压迫维吾尔，汉。

各族政策

让我们看看一个在这些各族的政策，其中大多是积极的区别对待的形式来的本质看：10添加在进入大学的高考考试的单一儿童政策的部分排除，配额（而是点低）在管理和最令人吃惊：一个宽大处理非政治性的罪行，这是已知的所有中国在共同的假设的形式明确的政策：“小心用维吾尔，他们可以携带管制刀具”。

另一组的政策是注定要避免伊斯兰原教旨主义的危险。 这些措施包括禁止戴头巾和其他宗教的服装，在学校和政府大楼，禁止未满18岁参加在清真寺祈祷，并严格控制神职人员。 虽然我们可以指责这些政策得罪情面，我们不如说，法国也有类似的头巾禁令，并认为中国是其明确禁止宗教从事政治原则相一致。 一个开明的统治，在我看来，更何况在一个地方有合理的理由担心宗教原教旨主义。

其他最近的政策， 王乐泉 ，由在该地区的党，的最高领导人的决定是不太合理。 特别是所有学校任教仅一个普通话是没有意义的，只能引发的维吾尔人之间的怨恨。 这一决定的逻辑是所有公民都需要精通普通话，但是这一点在技术上并不健全，因为它已经证明，一个完整的年龄从早期的双语教育是精通两种语言兼容。

申诉

在7月，其后果冲突的一个有趣的一点是，这是从来没有明确究竟抗议者希望。 WUC了大量的媒体时间，但它并没有呈现一致的方案。 热比娅献给她的出现，送出去的伤亡数字，并否认她在事件中的作用，广东事件有关。 因此，它是很难知道中国的政策，由维吾尔，其他不是被“殖民统治和压抑”最反感。 温和的维吾尔语语音的情况下使事情变得非常困难，理解，沉重王乐泉交给政府的另一个后果。

在任何情况下，它看起来与其说是一个特别的问题，一个政策，但维吾尔和韩之间的态度问题。 一个整合和相互误解的问题，使各族冲突，而不是压迫者和被压迫者之间的冲突在任何西方国家的典型。 这是许多居住在新疆的外国人的意见是一致的。

已在西方积极的歧视，你可能熟悉的问题，它可以创建。 多数最穷的元素自然的反应，他们对少数人的不公正的偏袒看到的不满。 但糟糕的是，政策，如“ 2的限制，1从宽 “放贷自己滥用，往往在少数人的最严重的个人，开始一个恶性循环的负选择受益。

在中国积极歧视，特别是恶性的，因为官方媒体的鼓励下，汉，往往采取一些让步，作为一个确切的证据证明他们的慷慨，对维吾尔人，然后让他们全权委托从事各种歧视行为许多情况下甚至没有意识到他们正在不公平的 。

维吾尔人对此有何反应感知，并通过永恒的受害者的作用，并回顾了入侵，往往是非常现实的歧视bingtuans，或本国人民的稀释，这几乎是一个有力的论据：1 -一个大的一部分兵团人口是在维吾尔地区，2 - 中国人一直在做新疆兵团之类的活动很久以前的维吾尔人甚至到达和3 - 中国公司都有权建立自己国家的任何地区，只要他们没有安装不强行征用的原业主。

一些可能的解决方案

总之，我认为这是没有那么多的兵团，压迫或民族稀释的问题，而是一个完整的麻木双方汉族和维吾尔族的问题，而最中国政府在新疆，其头，只在乎讨好北京 。

我知道真正重要的问题 - 缺乏民主和法治 - 不会改变在乌鲁木齐，直到它在北京。 但不看到目前为止，我有一些微薄的建议，中共新疆的尝试和改进的情况，应该很容易。 所有相对简单点，比功率大优惠更多的手势和态度：

• 不要强行现代化喀什宣布它落后 。
• 为自己的利益的人，不要用力多语学校。
• 在大多数维吾尔地区设立双语学校100％。
• 停止，得体，宽大政策与逐步。
• 强制反对就业歧视的法律张贴 。

但最重要的，我有一个意见，中国政府是不是仅限于新疆：积极推动不同文化和种族之间的相互尊重和了解。

严重缺乏这种能力是在大多数中国各族，因为这对他们的教育的重要组成部分，多年来一直陈词滥调旅游舞蹈和儿童的服装取代。 这法术不仅与少数民族，而且要赢得尊重，并扩大其影响力，如非洲或南美洲其他地区对中国的麻烦。

From the post left unfinished last week . Some of the main arguments read (or heard) in China Crisis discussions:

The Time

Economies don't grow indefinitely. Low cycles follow high cycles and after 30 years it is about time. China cannot break the laws of economics, so the recession must necessarily come in the next X years. The country hasn't prepared itself politically and psicologically to face this period. In the end, we are sure to have trouble.

Of course, this argument is of little value without the X, and many proponents of a time limit have failed in the past. This is the field of technical analysts and other mystical thinkers. Mythology also plays a role: In Chinese history, cataclysms mark the end of a cycle. An earthquake preceded this crisis, and a solar eclipse is coming in July, the dynasty has lost its virtue. These arguments tend to work better with a bit of hindsight.

The Markets

The World's economies are interdependent today. China's economy is largely dependent on exports and FDI. The weight of these external factors in China's growth has been much discussed, but regardless of the exact numbers, few doubt that it is a significant motor of the economy. External motors failing, China turns to internal ones: investment and consumption. Today, strong public investment, mostly in infrastructure and energy, is making up for the loss. Click to continue »

The AFP dispatch says it all:

Seventy-four workers were confirmed dead and dozens trapped underground after a gas blast early on Sunday at a colliery in northern China, the worst accident to hit the nation's mines in over 14 months.

There is something very wrong with these news. The paragraph should end with “the worst since the beginning of Reform” or even “since the fall of the Qing”. But the worst in over 14 months !

A mine, and especially a coal mine, is a dangerous working environment – we have known very serious accidents in Europe as well. But, in the 21st century, large scale incidents with 74 fatalities becoming yearly routine is not simply an “accident”. It is a conscious act of a company manager who is gambling with the life of his workers. And there is a responsibility from the government for allowing to continue operations in some mines that should have been closed down long ago.

For the sake of comparison: Only this one incident is 10 times more deadly than the whole Sanlu tainted milk scandal. In that case, there was wide social response and the governent saw it as a serious harmony problem. A fast trial was organized, the company was dismantled and in three months there were leaders condemned. Probably not perfect justice, but at least there was some action.

But who will speak for the black faced migrant miners? There is no independent union of miners to organize protests. The general public is not concerned by a safety issue that – unlike tainted milk- will never put their own well-being at risk. The media, both international and Chinese, will have forgotten the incident in no more than a week.

Very soon we will all turn our attention to different news and, in the meantime, the miners will still be going down, little by little digging their way into their next pocket of gas.

Here is the illustrated report of our Fujian trip. Today I present some clear symptoms of blogorrhea after my 5 day internet abstinence. So we'll try to keep it ruly and live up to my Bull Year's resolutions. I am applying the special astringent potion: Max 5 words per picture. The rest in your imagination: 一切尽在不言中.

Every village had a church

热闹 means Hot and Noisy!

The temples were 热闹

The faithful like burning stuff

The mosque was less 热闹

Love Church was not 热闹

Beach of the Grande Jatte

不！ Muslims don't eat porc

We met an electric fisherman

Administration + Participation = Administpation

Hate those noisy cracker vandals

Shooting and Bumpers: Safety first

Ming Walled Chongwu is Magnetic

Let's get chicken at EFC's!

不！ my chicken at CBC's!

Ah, finally: it's a KFC's!

Macdonalds + Kentucky's = Mac-Ken-Ji's !!

Mac-Ken-Ji's: Children's playground, Grandpa's shrine

Fairy houses made of seashells

发展 wave engulfs the past

Model Street Award: Zero Imitations

我

My polos always at Coddle's

Model Workers Instruction: Model Street

The guests just left, what a night! The tense atmosphere of a final match in my Shanghai apartment; high expectations and a sense of History. Friends, all of different nationalities, sharing my wine and watching the first speech of President Obama. The silence during the 18 minutes was complete.

Is it only me, or the first half was more intense than the second? The former was full of the brave ideals we wanted to hear; the latter, more martial and patriotic, containing the obvious honesty, courage and loyalty, together with the reference to race.

It is 3am in China. I will leave it to American experts to analyze more deeply, I just want to highlight this passage which stands out from the rest:

We reject as false the choice between our safety and our Ideals. Our Founding Fathers, faced with perils we can scarcely imagine, drafted a charter to assure the Rule of Law and the Rights of Man, a charter expanded by the blood of generations. Those ideals still light the world, and we will not give them up for expedience's sake. And so to all other peoples and governments who are watching today, from the grandest capitals to the small village where my father was born: know that America is a friend of each nation and every man, woman, and child who seeks a future of peace and dignity, and that we are ready to lead once more.

。

Recall that earlier generations faced down fascism and communism not just with missiles and tanks, but with sturdy alliances and enduring convictions. They understood that our power alone cannot protect us, nor does it entitle us to do as we please. Instead, they knew that our power grows through its prudent use; our security emanates from the justness of our cause, the force of our example, the tempering qualities of humility and restraint.

“Rule of Law and Rights of Man”. 可以。 And how to achieve them in the World? By the “justness of our cause, the force of our example”. That is exactly what we wished to hear. It has become true in the speech, and I sincerely hope it will become true in real life.

Many things can change in the World if our most powerful country -our 老大, or “eldest”, as many Chinese humbly refer to America- conducts itself according to these principles, abiding by those same laws that it proposed and signed, and creating new ones as its Ideals may require.

For, though the oath forgets to mention it, the responsibility of the highest political power on Earth is towards the whole of Humanity. And only a great man can be up to that position.

It looks like for the first time in many, many years, we have found our Man.

This week the international observers are observing us with renewed interest: China's Annual Central Economic Work Conference is being held in Beijing Monday to Wednesday, where the country's leaders will decide how to maintain a stable economic growth that will “ improve people's livelihood “ .

Expectations are high on the meeting that will change the World. The trouble is, it will not. Xinhua has just published a first official explanation from NDRC, containing no news. The 40BRMB for “healthcare, education and cultural undertakings”, or the 280BRMB for housing projects were already announced before the meeting. If anything, note that now they have added the “ cultural undertakings ” for extra flavour.

What about all the rebalancing of the economy that we were supposed to see?

Wishful Thinking

What began as a series of advice by some economists has evolved into a streak of generalized optimism, as more people started to believe that Chinese leaders will take the chance now to rebalance the economy. I suspect this very optimistic and profusely quoted World Bank report is partly responsible for this state of mind.

But the rebalancing of China's economy, including a social safety net, health care, and all sorts of measures to bring into the economy the 900 milion rural residents that have been left out is not going to happen now. Because it doesn't make sense.

Here is why:

1- Hu Jintao hasn't been able to implement his rebalancing policies during the first half of the 11 year plan. It is difficult to imagine that the development hawks in the CCP will allow him to implement them precisely now. Especially considering that things like a health care system are costly and someone needs to finance them. How much power do Hu and Wen really have to oppose the immediate interests of business?

2- Chinese like to save money, that is just the way they are, it is a trait of character . No amount of health care or land reform is going to make them spend more in 2009. How would it make sense that the same people who were saving during an economic boom decide to spend more now that there is fear of crisis?

3- All the social rebalancing and Scientific Development of Hu might be great for the long term, but they will not help China weather a difficult 2009. The real worries of the leaders now are: How well will the system resist the social and political tensions that will arise? And how well will Hu Jintao and an already fragile Social Wen resist them in the Party?

An emergency package

But there is a more fundamental objection to the notion that the stimulus package will implement any serious structural change: it is not its role. It is an effort to save an emergency situation and avoid the worst aspects of the crisis (notably unemployment ) getting too serious.

And the sad fact is that great restructurings are not done in advance of crises, they are done afterwards. Hard times comes first, then reform. As an example, a quick look back at one of the historical cases that is most fashionable these days: FDR started his famous New Deal only in 1933, well after the crash of 29. In the meantime what was Hoover doing? Investing in infrastructure, like the Chinese now.

“Social” Stimulus

So will the package improve the livelihood of the peasants? Well, if you consider that buying a new color TV at a discount price is going to change their lifes, then yes. But otherwise, not.

The subsidies to buy home appliances that WSJ mentions here are clever measures, and they will probably be effective to boost the consumption of some farmers in the short term. Which makes sense, because the factories producing those TVs have to keep running, unless someone imagines that a legion of jobless manufacturing workers can be set to construct roads and railways overnight.

But nobody should be fooled: these are no social measures. They are measures to help the manufacturing companies to find a substitution market for the failing exports.

Another related “social” measure which might be hidden in the stimulus budget is an emergency fund to cover the possible cases of layoff riots. Victor Shih estimates it in his blog to be around 120BRMB in the worst of cases. I don't think the government would be announcing this fund publicly, as it is a signal for disaster. But if 120B are missing in the 4Trillion package, now you know were to look.

结论

It is all very healthy to dream, but I am afraid the largest part of China's money in 2009 will go to help the companies resist the crisis and to mitigate the effects of it. The leaders are nervous, and the time is not for experiments.

But enough of stimulus already. Too much has been said, and I have the feeling that there are more important things to watch right now. Namely: Unemployement and Currency.

I have done enough tea leaf reading in my posts as of late, so I will leave these two subjects for next time. But if you want to know what 2009 is going to bring us in China, make sure keep an eye on them.

I am quite excited about the new 2009 Growth Forecast for China issued by the World Bank, because it gives exactly the same figure I estimated 2 months ago on my Crisis Page .

OK, granted there is a bit of luck in there. But, if you think of it, it was an obvious number to come up with. It is exactly the Yearly Growth marked as an objective in the 11th 5 year plan . Don't forget that China is still a planned economy and that the objectives of the 5 Year Plans are very present in everyday business life and in the minds of all politicians.

Of course, I am not suggesting that World Bank economists draw their forecasts from 5 year plans. But in times like these, predicting the future is a sticky business, and one 5Y Plan can be about as accurate as applied statistics. And then, rounding up a 7.2% to a 7.5% will harm nobody, and will keep Wen and Hu happy for a while.

Michael Pettis writes that this is only the beginning, and that we'll see the forecasts slide every time as the crisis spreads to every aspect of China's economy over 2009. He bases his prediction on the method that is used to calculate these forecasts, which does not take into account the passive side of the balance sheet.

He is surely right on that, but I think there are also non-economical reasons. China's political influence is rising very fast with the Crisis, and nobody wants to upset her now that she is going to save the World. Least of all the World Bank, which is very likely to end up with a Chinese boss pretty soon, after what was agreed in the Washington G20s meeting .

Nobody cares (some actually take pleasure) when some terrible macro figures are posted about failing economies in times of crisis. But few serious institutions today will be willing to publish a face-losing digit for the Chinese government, and all will measure their steps cautiously. As a result, official predictions will lag behind the actual knowledge.

So that's it, we are here. We've reached the 7.5% psychological barrier. There will be no more psychological barriers until the 3.8% growth of 1990. We are touching the Wall .

Ladies and Gentlemen fasten your safety belts, we are getting ready to land.

Today was the opening ceremony of the 7th China International Aviation and Aerospace Exhibition of Zhuhai, the main fair of the industry in China. These last days, my Xinhua reader at the bottom of the page has been spitting some interesting news for the occasion, and international media have been quick to follow .

Everybody in China seems to be speaking this year about the development of a Chinese aircraft industry, that is, when we are not busy speaking of baby milk, olympics and taikonauts. Rumours abound of some brand new A320s bought by chinese companies which mysteriously disappeared from the market, and reverse engineering is in everybody's mind.

In any case, the clear aim of the chinese government is to enter by 2015 the exclusive club of large commercial aircraft manufacturers, adding a third leg to the industry dominated by Airbus and Boeing, and trying to take a slice of the $3.2 trillion market expected over the next 2 decades.

The big news of the day is the signature of a contract for the supply of 5 ARJ21 medium size regional aircrafts to GE, one of the world largest lessors of commercial airplanes, with an option to acquire another 20 units under unspecified conditions. Xinhua highlights the headline China to sell 25 regional jets to US market , but in fact GE will be leasing the 5 acquired units to chinese airlines, so the planes will be flying locally.

In case someone is surprised by the daring move of GE, it might be useful to explain that GE is also one of the largest airplane engine manufacturers, and China one of their most promising markets. Sure enough, China is making use of its market power, in a similar way as EU and US have used theirs in the past to support their flag aviation companies .

It is just as well, of course. It is clear by now that only a company counting with the support of a world economic superpower can make it in the difficult industry of large commercial carriers. But even with this support, the road shall be long and difficult for the Chinese.

In the first place, they have a long way to go in R&D, and many have serious doubts that they will manage to have their jumbo jets in the market by 2015 . However, I wouldn't expect this to be the major obstacle. Chinese have proven to be extremely fast in re-developing complex technologies, especially when they are already existing in the market. Some planned acquisitions of undisclosed foreign companies by the end of this year will grant even faster access.

The main objection from my point of view has to do not with technology, but with the tricky world of free consumer choice. A field which has typically proven more elusive to chinese reverse engineering than advanced rocket science.

If there is a market where pristine reputation is essential, and especially in the areas of quality and safety, that is the market of commercial aircrafts. It is probable that by cutting into an oligopolic situation, and counting on some dumping practices, the chinese manufacturers can slash the current prices of Boeing and Airbus for similar airplanes. But who will be buying them? In other terms, who wants to fly in a chinese brand airplane, even at a discount fare?

The problems with safety of chinese products are very present in the world , with various scandals being uncovered every year. Made in China was already a synonym of cheap and unreliable, now it also means unsafe. It will take many years before this world spread perception can change and anyone feels comfortable enough to fly in a chinese airplane. Much longer than it will take to reverse engineer an A320.

Add to this that the major players in the industry, with strong lobbies in the 2 largest economies in the world, will make sure that everyone has a clear perception of the risks involved. And for all its political clout, China is still astoundingly hopeless at pulling the thin threads of international media to play her game, as James Fallows brilliantly explains in this much commented article.

In the field of image and communication, one First blunder can already be noted: on the day of the 7th Zhuhai fair, the Company (or companies) still doesn't have a Name. Indeed, the confusing conglomerate of state owned companies that develop the different models of airplane are completely unknown to the world, and even to most chinese. Note, for example, that the Xinhua article refers to the nascent jumbo aircraft company as COMAC, whereas the AP and Bloomberg reporters linked above call it CACC (!). Both are tentative efforts to simplify the original: Commercial Aircraft Company of China.

There is some serious branding work to do now, and it should be done as soon as possible. Hopefully China has learnt her lesson, and she will not be calling her new aircrafts “The Great Wall Aviation Company”, as in this hilarious old post that I found over at Imagethief .

Whatever they do, It seems clear that for a long time the airplanes will be limited to the chinese market, and only at a second stage they might manage to make it out of the country in any significant quantities.

It is a very long term bet, which is not based only on its uncertain economic returns. Clearly, political, strategic and military considerations enter the calculation of the chinese government. All things taken into account, the move can be a good one for China and for the rest of the world, ultimately improving the conditions for the final consumer.

It has been said many times that the large aircrafts market can only support two players in the world, justifying the near monopoly situation of Airbus and Boeing. It is very possible that in the long term China proves them all wrong, and many business books will need to be rewritten.

But before we get there, some things will really need to change in this country.